A root canal is a dental procedure that is performed to treat and save a tooth that is severely damaged or infected. The term “root canal” also refers to the natural cavity within the center of the tooth.
Reasons for a Root Canal:
Infected Pulp:
- Bacterial infection can lead to inflammation and infection of the pulp (soft tissue inside the tooth).
Deep Decay:
- Extensive decay that reaches the pulp can cause pain and infection.
Trauma:
- A tooth injury (such as a crack or chip) can expose the pulp to bacteria.
The Root Canal Procedure:
Diagnosis:
- The dentist examines the tooth, takes X-rays, and assesses the extent of damage or infection.
Anesthesia:
- Local anesthesia is administered to numb the tooth and surrounding area.
Access Opening:
- A small opening is made in the tooth to access the pulp chamber and root canals.
Removal of Pulp:
- The infected or damaged pulp is removed from the pulp chamber and root canals.
Cleaning and Shaping:
- The inside of the tooth is cleaned, and the root canals are shaped to prepare for filling.
Filling:
- The cleaned space is filled with a biocompatible material called gutta-percha to seal the canals.
Restoration:
- A temporary or permanent filling is placed in the access opening, and in many cases, a crown is recommended to restore the tooth’s strength and functionality.
Benefits of a Root Canal:
Pain Relief:
- Addresses toothache and discomfort associated with infection.
Saves the Tooth:
- Allows for the preservation of the natural tooth rather than extraction.
Prevents Spread of Infection:
- Eliminates bacteria and prevents the infection from spreading to surrounding tissues.